Seeking a traditional Greek dish or a modern favorite? Check out this Pastitsio recipe that will be both, yet none of it!

Pastitsio is a Greek, baked pasta dish with ground meat and béchamel sauce. The dish can be traced back its linage to the 16^th century Italian Pasticcio where the word itself was used to describe “any manner of pastie or pye”.

To think about pastitsio as pastry or pie may sound ubiquitous but modern pastitsio has very little to do with the original one that was a filo dough, wrapped with a variety of meat, offal, eggs, cheese, and pasta. It definitely did not include béchamel nor was recognizable by the neatly stacked tubes of pasta that the dish is well known of for today.

It took a French trained Greek chef to turn the dish inside out, stripping its old filo cape off and let its true identity shown to the world. To keep the meat filling from naked exposure and try to stay within the visual boundaries of the original dish, a layer of bechamel was added on top and roasted to golden brown perfection in the oven.

Although Pastitsio has kept its main identity, namely the meat and pasta in a layered form, few who called for the dish in its ancient home would recognize it in its modern form. Probably many would call for it to be named something else entirely, denying any relation whatsoever to the original idea but we, who learnt to love it this way, couldn’t bear to have it not just with another name but any other way. At least for now.

Ingredients

Meat Sauce

2 tablespoons / 30ml Cooking oil
1 medium / 200g Onion (diced)
1 teaspoon / 5g Salt
3 cloves / 9g Garlic
2 lb / 1000g Ground meat
⅞ cup / 200ml Red wine
29 oz / 800g Tomato puree
1 piece / 3g Bay leaf
1 teaspoon / 2.5g Cinnamon (or stick)
1 teaspoon / 2.5g Clover
1 teaspoon / 3g Black pepper

Béchamel sauce

7 tablespoons / 100g Butter
⅞ cup / 110g Flour
4 cups / 1000ml Milk
1 teaspoon / 5g Salt
1 cup / 100g Parmesan
2 medium / 40g Egg yolk

Pasta

1 lb / 400g Pasta
4 oz / 120g Feta cheese
2 medium / 60g Egg white

Topping

½ cup / 125g Mozzarella

Kitchen utensils

7½” x 12″ / 19cm x 30cm Casserole dish

How to make Pastitsio

Meat Sauce

Sauté (stir-fry) diced onion and salt in hot oil until it gets a glassy / translucent look, about 5 minutes.
Mix in garlic and sauté until garlic gets fragrant, about 2 minutes.
Mix in the ground meat and stir-fry until browned.
If any wine is used, add it now and cook away most of the liquid, about 10 minutes.
Add tomato puree, bay leaf, cinnamon, clover and black pepper.
Place the lid on halfway and cook on low to medium heat until the liquid reduced and the sauce thickened.

Béchamel sauce

Melt butter in a skillet then mix in the flour and salt.
Vigorously whisk the slowly poured milk in. It will be lumpy at first but keep whisking. (Heating the milk beforehand helps keep it from lumping up if our whisking technique is inadequate.)
Whisk egg yolk in a bowl.
On medium heat, whisk the egg yolks into the Béchamel for a minute or so. It should thicken the sauce further.
Mix in the grated cheese. Season with salt, black pepper and nutmeg if desired.

Pasta

Cook pasta a couple of minutes, less than we’ve been instructed on the packing.
Run it under cold tap water for half a minutes then drain.

Assembly

Mix pasta with crumbled up feta cheese and egg whites then lay it to the bottom of the baking dish. If we don’t have pastitsio pasta but really into the look, spend some time arranging the pieces, otherwise pouring the pasta into the dish will do just as well.
Continue layering with the meat sauce. (Remove whole spices and herbs like cinnamon stick, bay leaf, black pepper or cloves.)
Spread the Béchamel sauce on top.
Sprinkle optional mozzarella on top.
Put it into the middle rack of a 350°F / 180°C preheated oven until golden brown spots start to appear on top, about 40 minutes.